| The transformer is an electrical device,
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| | need a transformer. Both of these
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| which transforms voltage through magnetic
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| | category of appliances and devices can be
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| coupling with no moving parts. It
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| | run by a transformer, but only the
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| consists of a magnetic core, with two or
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| | electric appliance can be run with a
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| more coupled windings, which either steps
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| | converter. A word of caution in here is
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| up or steps down the incoming voltage.
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| | that, while transformers are designed for
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| This is done by the transfer of energy
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| | long term continuous operation,
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| from one circuit to the other, through
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| | converters on the other hand can operate
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| the magnetic core. These windings are
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| | for an hour or two at a time.In order to
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| generally termed as Primary and Secondary
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| | understand this better, we must
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| windings. The electromagnetic field thus
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| | understand the formation of a AC voltage.
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| created under goes a process of expanding
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| | The alternating current voltage appears
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| and collapsing around the conductor and
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| | as a sine-wave, and depending upon the
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| this changes the induced current, with
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| | country you are in, the frequency of this
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| the formation of an out put from the
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| | sine-wave is either 50Hz or 60Hz. Now, if
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| secondary coil, either stepping up or
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| | you look at a converter output, you would
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| stepping down the input voltage.In order
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| | see that the upper half of the sine-wave
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| to understand the function of a
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| | has been chopped off, where-as, in a
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| transformer, only two sets of windings
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| | transformer the sine-wave remains
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| are considered. When the main AC voltage
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| | in-tact. The electrical devices, like,
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| is applied to the input of such an
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| | iron, heater, a hair dryer, etc, would
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| electrical device, the alternating
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| | run with such a converter, but a
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| current in the Primary winding creates a
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| | computer, a printer or a VCR can be
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| time varying magnetic flux in the core.
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| | damaged if you attempt to operate those
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| This induces an AC voltage in the
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| | with a converter.The frequency is the
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| secondary coil, which is either the step
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| | number of times the alternating voltage
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| up or step down voltage of the device.
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| | alternates each second. One such
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| The terms, step up and step down are used
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| | alternating cycle is termed as Hertz,
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| with respect to the input voltage of the
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| | having Hz as the short form. This cycling
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| device. Therefore, if your equipment has
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| | wave is termed as a Sinusoidal Wave. In
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| been specified as input voltage 110 Volts
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| | the U.S. and the rest of North and
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| AC, and if you are in one of those
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| | Central America, with some parts of South
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| countries where the mains power supply is
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| | America, the alternating current suppy is
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| 220 Volts AC, you will need a step down
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| | 60Hz. In Europe and rest of the world it
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| transformer to run your equipment.In high
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| | is 50Hz.There is a similar electrical
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| tension power transmission, where huge
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| | device called Inverter. The purpose of
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| towers carry the cables which brings the
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| | this equipment is to convert Direct
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| power to cities, towns and villages, step
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| | Current (DC) voltage to Alternating
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| up transformers are used as the power
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| | Current voltage. This device has many
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| leaves the power stations and as they
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| | applications, for example, to provide
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| approach the destinations, the voltage is
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| | appropriate limited AC power supply to
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| stepped down to the required mains
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| | devices like, electric fans, lights, etc.
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| supply, before it is distributed amongst
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| | This inverter takes the DC voltage from a
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| the consumers. The reason for stepping up
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| | battery, like a heavy duty car battery
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| the power as they leave the power station
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| | and converts that into an appropriate AC
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| is for the fact that,as it travels down
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| | voltage. Such supplies are limited
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| the long power cables, there are power
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| | because of the capacity of the battery
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| losses in the way, and the supply can
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| | capability and depending upon the battery
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| reach the destinations in a proper
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| | the ampere-hour of the output can be
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| specified power level to be stepped down
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| | increased, resulting in longer period of
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| as required by the consumers. In this
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| | operation. The battery will need charging
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| application there are good many use of
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| | once it discharges.There are variable
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| transformers are made.The transformer is
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| | transformers, which are known as Variacs.
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| the most simplest of all electrical
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| | The principle is that the output voltage
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| devices and its basic principle has not
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| | of this transformer can be manually
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| changed over the last 100 years, though
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| | varied with a fixed voltage as its input.
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| the material used in such transformers
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| | For example, with a 110 Volt AC supply at
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| and its design continue to improve. It
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| | the input, you can vary the output
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| has a very important application in
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| | voltage from 0 to 110 Volts AC. The
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| transforming electrical energy, both for
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| | typical applications of these
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| consumer use and power transmission. In a
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| | transformers are in testing devices for
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| similar way, audio frequency transformers
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| | its lower and higher input voltage
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| have been used in earlier experiments in
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| | operation levels, quality control in
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| development of telephones. These are
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| | testing equipment in burn-in condition,
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| still found in many electronic devices.
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| | temperature and lighting control,
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| The transformers come in various sizes,
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| | etc.Transformers are essential devices to
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| depending upon the application it is
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| | operate any electrical or electronic
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| required for. It comes in the size of a
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| | equipment. As far as main supply voltage
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| thumb nail to huge units for the power
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| | is concerned, if you are visiting Europe
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| transmission applications of national
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| | or any other country in Asia, the devices
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| power grids. They all operate with the
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| | that you are taking with you will not
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| same basic principles.The core of the
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| | operate in the mains supply voltage
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| transformer, as we have seen above, may
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| | available in those countries. It is
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| be made with various materials. These
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| | therefore necessary that you take with
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| include:Air - This is ideal for high
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| | you the right device which can provide
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| frequency transformer, with application
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| | you with the right operating voltage for
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| in Radio Frequencies and provides least
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| | your equipment.110-220 Volt Electronics -
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| coupling.Iron - All so called iron core
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| | A multisystem TV is a TV capable of
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| transformers are steel. Various additives
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| | receiving and displaying different video
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| are made to improve the magnetic
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| | systems like PAL, SECAM and NTSC. You'll
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| properties, as for example the magnetic
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| | be able to operate a multisystem TV in
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| permeability. The degree of magnetisation
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| | 99% of the world. Their dual voltage
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| of a material required for a linear
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| | design allows them to be plugged into
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| response to an applied magnetic field is
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| | either a 110 voltage source or a 220
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| termed as Permeability.Ferrite - This is
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| | voltage source. In some cases, the plug
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| used to get a very high degree of
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| | on the television will not fit your
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| permeability and excellent high frequency
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| | country's outlet, so an inexpensive
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| performance.Etc.The converter and the
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| | plug-adapter will be needed. They can
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| transformer are both electric conversion
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| | generally be picked up at an electronics
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| products, that enables you to run
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| | store such as for $1.95. With a
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| electric devices in foreign lands. As
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| | multisystem TV, such as a plasma, CRT
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| discussed earlier, if your electric
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| | tube type, LCD or DLP, you'll likely need
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| device requires 110 Volts AC to run, you
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| | a codefree (sometimes called region free)
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| will need a transformer to step up the
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| | DVD player. These exist in many forms.
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| 220 volts AC supply voltage to 110 Volts
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| | When used with a PAL-NTSC TV you'll be
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| AC before you can switch on that device
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| | able to see the full 625 lines of
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| that you have.What is the difference
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| | resolution available in the PAL system
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| between a converter and a transformer?
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| | and the full 525 lines used in the USA
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| If the device you are going to operate is
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| | NTSC system. There exists a converting
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| a high power heating element or
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| | type of DVD player which is codefree in
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| mechanical motor such as a hair dryer or
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| | that it can read all of the world's 6
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| iron, you will need a converter to run
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| | regions and both standards, PAL and NTSC.
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| those appliances. But if your device is a
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| | 140,000 other products are available
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| computer, a printer or a VCR, you will
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| | here: Tel.
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